Determination {of the|from the|in the|on the|with the|of your} atomic structure of {solid|strong} surfaces {is a|is really a|is actually a|can be a|is often a|is usually a} challenge {that has|which has} resisted {solution|answer|remedy|resolution|option} {despite|regardless of|in spite of} advancements in experimental {methods|techniques|strategies|approaches|procedures|solutions}. Theory-based {global|international|worldwide} optimization has the {potential|possible|prospective} to revolutionize the field by {providing|supplying|offering|delivering|giving} {reliable|dependable|trustworthy|reputable|trusted} structure models {as the|because the} basis for interpretation of experiments and for prediction of material properties. So far, {however|nevertheless|nonetheless|even so|on the other hand|having said that}, the {approach|method|strategy} has been {limited|restricted} by the combinatorial complexity and computational expense of sufficiently {accurate|correct|precise} {energy|power} estimation for surfaces. We demonstrate how an evolutionary algorithm, {utilizing|using} machine {learning|studying|understanding|finding out|mastering} for accelerated {energy|power} estimation and diverse population generation, {can be|may be|could be|might be|is often|is usually} {used|utilized|employed|utilised|applied|made use of} to {solve|resolve} an unknown surface structure—the ({4|four} x {4|four}) surface oxide on Pt3Sn(111)–based on {limited|restricted} experimental input. The algorithm is {efficient|effective} and robust, and {should be|ought to be|needs to be|must be|really should be|need to be} broadly applicable in surface {studies|research}, {where|exactly where} {it can|it could|it may|it might} replace manual, intuition {based|primarily based} model generation. Price of 2-Bromo-N-phenylaniline 2-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)acetonitrile web PMID:24516446
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