In gas-evolving electrolytic processes, the presence of bubbles can heavily alter the mass transport of gaseous {products|goods|items|merchandise|solutions} {and can|and may} induce {severe|serious|extreme} overpotential penalties {at the|in the} electrode {through|via|by means of|by way of} the action of bubble coverage (hyperpolarization) and electrolyte constriction (Ohmic shielding). {However|Nevertheless|Nonetheless|Even so|On the other hand|Having said that}, bubble formation {can also|may also|also can} alleviate the overpotential by lowering the concentration of dissolved gas {in the|within the|inside the} vicinity {of the|from the|in the|on the|with the|of your} electrode.{In this|Within this} study, we investigate the latter by {considering|contemplating|thinking about|taking into consideration|thinking of} the {growth|development} of successive hydrogen bubbles driven by a {constant|continuous|continual} {current|present|existing} in alkaline-water electrolysis and their {impact|influence|effect} {on the|around the} half-cell {potential|possible|prospective} {in the|within the|inside the} absence of hyperpolarization. The bubbles nucleate on a hydrophobic cavity surrounded by a ring microelectrode which remains {free|totally free|free of charge|cost-free|absolutely free|no cost} of bubble coverage.The dynamics of bubble {growth|development} {does not|doesn’t|will not} adhere to {one|1|a single|one particular} {particular|specific|certain|distinct|unique} scaling law in time, but undergoes a smooth transition from pressure-driven towards supply-limited {growth|development}.The contributions {of the|from the|in the|on the|with the|of your} {different|various|distinct|diverse|unique|distinctive} bubble-induced phenomena {leading|top|major} {to the|towards the|for the} {rich|wealthy} behaviour {of the|from the|in the|on the|with the|of your} periodic fluctuations {of the|from the|in the|on the|with the|of your} overpotential are identified {throughout|all through} the {different|various|distinct|diverse|unique|distinctive} stages {of the|from the|in the|on the|with the|of your} bubble lifetime, {and the|and also the|as well as the|along with the|plus the} influence of bubble size and applied {current|present|existing} {on the|around the} concentration and Ohmic overpotential {components|elements} is quantified.We {find|discover|locate|uncover|come across|obtain} that the efficiency of gas absorption, and {hence|therefore} the concentration-lowering {effect|impact}, increases with {increasing|growing|escalating|rising} bubble size {and also|as well as} with {increasing|growing|escalating|rising} {current|present|existing}. {However|Nevertheless|Nonetheless|Even so|On the other hand|Having said that}, the concentration-lowering {effect|impact} is {always|usually|often|constantly|generally|normally} {eventually|ultimately|at some point|sooner or later} countered and overcome by the {effect|impact} of Ohmic shielding {as the|because the} bubble size outgrows and eclipses the electrode ring beneath. Methyl 5-fluoro-2-methoxyisonicotinate Chemscene 2393030-89-0 Order PMID:27641997
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