Porphyromonas gingivalis {is a|is really a|is actually a|can be a|is often a|is usually a} keystone pathogen in periodontal {disease|illness}. We herein report a dual-modal fluorescent and photoacoustic imaging probe for the detection of gingipain proteases secreted by P. gingivalis. This probe harnesses the intramolecular dimerization of peptide-linked cyanine dyes to induce fluorescence and photoacoustic off-states. Upon proteolytic cleavage by Arg-specific gingipain (RgpB), five-fold photoacoustic enhancement and >100-fold fluorescence activation was measured with detection limits of 1.1 nM RgpB and {5|five}.0E4 CFU/mL bacteria in vitro. RgpB activity was imaged {in the|within the|inside the} subgingival pocket of porcine jaws with 25 nM sensitivity. The diagnostic efficacy {of the|from the|in the|on the|with the|of your} probe was evaluated in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from subjects with (n = 14) and {without|with out|without having|with no|devoid of|without the need of} (n = {6|six}) periodontal {disease|illness}, wherein activation was correlated to qPCR-based detection of P. gingivalis (Pearson’s r = 0.71). The highest activity was {seen|noticed|observed} in subjects {with the|using the|with all the|together with the} most {severe|serious|extreme} {disease|illness}. {Finally|Lastly|Ultimately}, photoacoustic imaging of RgpB-cleaved probe was {achieved|accomplished} in murine brains ex vivo, demonstrating relevance and {potential|possible|prospective} utility for animal models of {general|common|basic} infection by P. gingivalis, motivated by the {recent|current} biological {link|hyperlink} {between|in between|among|amongst|involving} gingipain and Alzheimer’s {disease|illness}. 3-Amino-2,2-difluoropropanoic acid structure 1251015-63-0 site PMID:35901518
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