Small-molecular-weight (MW) additives can strongly {impact|influence|effect} amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), playing an elusive {role|function|part} in biogenic, geologic, and industrial calcification. {Here|Right here}, we present molecular mechanisms by which additives regulate stability and composition of {both|each} CaCO3 {solutions|options} and {solid|strong} ACC. Potent antiscalants inhibit ACC precipitation by interacting with prenucleation clusters (PNC); they {specifically|particularly|especially} trigger and integrate into PNCs or feed PNC {growth|development}. Only PNC-interacting additives are traceable in ACC, {considerably|significantly} stabilizing it against crystallization. The selective incorporation of potent additives in PNCs {is a|is really a|is actually a|can be a|is often a|is usually a} {reliable|dependable|trustworthy|reputable|trusted} chemical label that {provides|offers|gives|supplies|delivers} conclusive chemical {evidence|proof} that ACC {is a|is really a|is actually a|can be a|is often a|is usually a} molecular precipitate derived PNCs. Our {results|outcomes|final results|benefits} reveal additive-cluster interactions beyond established mechanistic conceptions. They reassess the {role|function|part} of small-MW molecules in crystallization and biomineralization, {while|whilst|although|even though|when|though} breaking grounds for new sustainable antiscalants. 122243-36-1 Price 1255099-26-3 manufacturer PMID:24576999
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